| Recent
Patents on Nanotechnology
ISSN: 1872-2105
Recent Patents on Nanotechnology
Volume 2, Number 2, June 2008
Contents
Recent Patents in Bionanotechnologies: Nanolithography,
Bionanocomposites, Cell-Based Computing and Entropy Production
Pp. 72-83
Bradley Layton
[Abstract]
Fabrication and Characterization of Nanostructured
Titanate Materials by the Hydrothermal Treatment Method Pp.
84-102
Ruey-an Doong and I-ling Kao
[Abstract]
Synthetic Techniques and Applications of Activated
Nanostructurized Metals: Highlights up to 2008 Pp.
103-119
Oxana V. Kharissova and Boris I. Kharisov
[Abstract]
The Use of Nanoporous Adsorbents in Filtering Media
for Improving Indoor Air Quality Pp. 120-127
Moisés L. Pinto
[Abstract]
Porous Silicon: A Resourceful Material for Nanotechnolog
Pp. 128-136
Chirayath A. Betty
[Abstract]
Pharmaceuticals and Cosmeceuticals Based on Soft Nanotechnology
Techniques with Antioxidative, Immunostimulative and other
Therapeutic Activities Pp. 137-145
Aurelia Meghea
[Abstract]
Patent
Selections Pp. 146-149
Abstracts
[Back to top]
Recent Patents in Bionanotechnologies:
Nanolithography, Bionanocomposites, Cell-Based Computing and
Entropy Production
Bradley Layton
This article reviews recent disclosures of bio-inspired,
bio-mimicked and bionanotechnologies. Among the patents discussed
is a nanoscale porous structure for use in nanocomposites
and nanoscale processing. Patents disclosing methods for printing
biological materials using nanolithography techniques such
as dip-pen technology are discussed, as are patents for optimizing
drug design. The relevance of these technologies to disease
prevention, disease treatment and disease resistance is discussed.
The paper closes with a review of cell-based computing and
a brief examination of how information technology has enabled
the development of these technologies. Finally, a forecast
of the how these technologies are likely to accelerate global
entropization is discussed as well as a new classification
of machine types.
[Back to top]
Fabrication and Characterization of Nanostructured
Titanate Materials by the Hydrothermal Treatment Method
Ruey-an Doong and I-ling Kao
The synthesis and characterization of one-dimensional
(1-D) tubular and fibrous nanostructured materials have recently
received highly attention. Various morphologies of 1-D nanostructured
titanate materials including nanosheets, nanotubes, nanowires,
and nanoribbons have recently been successfully synthesized
using the alkaline hydrothermal method. In spite of the controversy
of the chemical structures and formation mechanisms, titanate
nanostructures have attracted much attention on applications
of dye-sensitized solar cell, hydrogen sensing, lithium storage
and photocatalysis because of their unique features of high
specific surface area, ion-exchange capacity and aspect ratio,
and unique optical and electrochemical properties. The morphology
and microstructure of titanate nanostructures are highly dependent
on the preparation conditions. In this review, we highlight
the synthesis of TiO2-derived
nanomaterials under various hydrothermal conditions. The patents
for fabrication of various morphologies of nanostructures
are also introduced. Effects of preparation parameters including
hydrothermal temperature, duration, alkaline concentration,
starting materials, and post-treatment on the morphology and
microstructure of titanate nanomaterials are reviewered. In
addition, the microwave-assisted method for fabrication of
1-D titanate nanostructures is discussed and compared. The
applications of titanate nanomaterials in photocatalysis,
ion-exchange, and lithium storages are also introduced.
[Back to top]
Synthetic Techniques and Applications of Activated
Nanostructurized Metals: Highlights up to 2008
Oxana V. Kharissova and Boris I. Kharisov
Main methods for current production of metallic nanoparticles
in different forms are reviewed. Metal nanoparticles are generally
synthesized in form of nanopowders, nanowires, nanoclusters,
nanorods, nanobelts, and nanofilms. Bi- and trimetallic clusters
and alloys are also of an interest. Examined techniques for
obtaining metal nanoparticles include chemical vapor and electrochemical
deposition, use of γ-,
X-ray, laser and UV-irradiation, ultrasonic and microwave
treatment, electron- and ion-beams, arc discharge, decomposition
and reduction of metal salts and complexes, and biosynthesis.
A special attention is paid to Rieke and supported
metals.
[Back to top]
The Use of Nanoporous Adsorbents in Filtering Media
for Improving Indoor Air Quality
Moisés L. Pinto
Methods for the production and application of filtering
media with nanoporous adsorbents are revised. These materials
find application in the purification of air, mainly in air
conditioning and ventilation systems, to improve indoor air
quality. The main recent developments in this area have been
directed to reduce pressure drop, increase adsorption efficiency
and improve production methods. Current trends in supporting
methods are based in the application of adsorbent layers on
adequate porous matrices, using binders or adhesives to immobilise
nanoporous materials on the surface of support matrices. Catalytic
filters, including photocatalytic and plasma systems, presented
recent and important developments. These systems combine the
presence of catalysts and nanoporous adsorbents to destroy
pollutants by catalytic oxidation. Besides indoor air quality
improvement, it is expected that applications of filtering
media with nanoporous material will be extended to other important
fields of air purification and a brief discussion on this
topic is also presented.
[Back to top]
Porous Silicon: A Resourceful Material for Nanotechnolog
Chirayath A. Betty
Nanostructured materials possess better tunability of
their properties by varying their crystallite size compared
to their bulk counterparts. These properties have opened up
new avenues for fabricating highly sensitive, miniaturized
and cost effective devices. Some of the drawbacks of these
materials can be overcome by band gap engineering and/or making
composites or core shell structures. Porous silicon obtained
by electrochemical etching of polished silicon is a versatile
material for nanotechnology applications due to its tunable
pore size, porosity, thermal and mechanical properties, optical
and electrical properties, biocompatibility, biodegradability,
and most importantly, compatibility with microelectronics.
This article gives an overall view of the various applications
of porous silicon in nanotechnology.
[Back to top]
Pharmaceuticals and Cosmeceuticals Based on Soft Nanotechnology
Techniques with Antioxidative, Immunostimulative and other
Therapeutic Activities
Aurelia Meghea
A number of 46 out of a total of more than 200 recent
patents in soft nanotechnology referring to applications of
nanoemulsions for pharmaceutical and cosmetical formulations
has been selected and reviewed. As key factors to maximize
the efficiency of bioactive principles embedded within colloidal
drug delivery systems are the nature and ratio of hydrophilic/lipophilic
components, of surfactants/cosurfactants as emulsifiers, their
mutual solubility and biocompatibility, the size and polydispersity
of nanoparticles. The antioxidant and immunostimulative actions
are discussed in relation to the specific therapeutic effects
of galenical compositions used for preventing and/or treating
various diseases.
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